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89.0 Y; atomic weight YTTRIUM [symbol...

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Originally appearing in Volume V28, Page 942 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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89.0 Y; atomic

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weight YTTRIUM [symbol (0 =16)]  , a metallic chemical element . In its character yttrium is closely allied to, and in nature is always associated with, cerium, lanthanum, didymium and erbium (see RARE EARTHS) . For the preparation of yttrium compounds the best raw material is gadolinite, which, according to Konig, consists of 22.61% of
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silica, 34.64 of yttria, Y203, and 42.75 of the oxides of erbium, cerium, didymium, lanthanum, iron,
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beryllium, calcium, magnesium and sodium . The extraction (as is the case with all the rare earths) is a
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matter of
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great difficulty . Metallic yttrium is obtainable as a dark grey powder by reducing the chloride with potassium, or by electrolysing the double chloride of yttrium and sodium . It decomposes
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water slowly in the cold, and more rapidly on
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heating . Yttria, Y203, is a yellowish white powder, which at high temperatures radiates out a most brilliant white
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light . It is soluble, slowly but completely, in
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mineral acids . It is recognized by its very characteristic spark spectrum . Solutions of yttria salts in their behaviour to reagents are not unlike those of zirconia . The atomic
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weight was determined by Cleve .

End of Article: 89.0 Y; atomic weight YTTRIUM [symbol (0 =16)]
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