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garden and a library of 250,000 volumes, which are housed in a restored portion of the cathedral, burned down in 1624 . The university was founded by Gustavus See also:

ADOLPHUS, JOHN LEYCESTER (1795-1862)

Adolphus of See also:

Sweden in 1632; but in 1699 teachers and students removed to See also:

PERNAU (in Russ. Pernov and in Esthonian Pernolin)

Pernau on the advanceof the Russians, and on the occupation of the See also:

COUNTRY (from the Mid. Eng. contre or contrie, and O. Fr. cuntree; Late Lat. contrata, showing the derivation from contra, opposite, over against, thus the tract of land which fronts the sight, cf. Ger. Gegend, neighbourhood)

country by See also:

Peter the Great again took See also:

FLIGHT

flight to Sweden . In spite of the treaty of 1710 and the efforts of the Livonian nobles, it was not till 1802 that its restoration was effected under the patronage of See also:

Alexander I . Down to 1895, in which See also:

YEAR

year it was thoroughly Russified, the university was See also:

German in spirit and in sentiment . It is now attended by some 1700 students annually . The astronomical See also:

DEPARTMENT (Fr. departement, from departir, to separate into parts)

department is famous, owing partly to the labours of F .

G . W. von See also:

STRUVE, FRIEDRICH GEORG WILHELM (1793-1864)

Struve (1820-39), and partly to See also:

FRAUNHOFER, JOSEPH VON (1787-1826)

Fraunhofer's great refracting See also:

TELESCOPE

telescope, presented by the See also:

EMPEROR (Fr. empereur, from the Lat. imperator)

emperor Alexander I . There are monuments to the naturalist K . E. von See also:

Baer (1886) and See also:

MARSHAL (med. Lat. marescalcus, from O.H.Ger. marah, horse, and scalc, servant)

Marshal See also:

Barclay de Tolly (1849), and the town is the headquarters of the XVIII. See also:

army See also:

CORPS (pronounced as in French, from which it is taken, being a late spelling of tors, from Lat. corpus, a body; cf. " corpse ")

corps . The See also:

FOUNDATION (Lat. fundatio, from fundare, to found)

foundation of Dorpat is ascribed to Yaroslav, See also:

prince of See also:

Kiev, and is dated 1030 . In 1224 the town was seized by the See also:

Teutonic Knights, and in the following year See also:

Bishop See also:

Hermann erected a cathedral on the Domberg . From that date till about 1558 the town enjoyed great prosperity, and the See also:

POPULATION (Lat. populus, people; populare, to populate)

population reached 5o,000 . In 1558 it was captured by the Russians, but in 1582 was yielded to See also:

Stephen Bathori, See also:

king of See also:

Poland . In 1600 it See also:

fell into the hands of the Swedes, in 1603 reverted to the roles, and in 1625 was seized by Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden . The Russians again obtained temporary See also:

possession in 1666, but did not effect a permanent occupation till 1704 . In 1708 the bulk of the population were removed to the interior of Russia .

End of Article: YURIEV (formerly DORPAT, also Dorpt; Russian, Derpt; Esthonian, Tarto and Tartolin; in Lettish, Tehrbata)

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