FERDINAND

See also:

• FERDINAND ZIRKEL (1838– )

ZIRKEL (1838– )  , German geologist and petrographer, was born at Bonn on the 20th of May 1838 . He was educated in his native town, and graduated Ph.D. at the university in 186r . In early years he was engaged in teaching geology and mineralogy in Vienna . He became professor of geology in 1863 in the university of Lemberg, in 1868 at Kiel, and in 187o professor of mineralogy and geology in the university of Leipzig . His numerous papers and essays include Geologische Skizze von der Westkiiste Schotllands (1871); Die Struktur der Variolite (1875); Microscopical Petrography (in Report of U.S . Geol . Exploration of 40th Par., vol. vi., 1876) ; Limurit aus der Vallee de Lesponne (1879); Uber den Zirkon (188o) . His separate works include Lehrbuch der Petrographie (1866; and ed . 1893, 1894); Die mikroskopische Beschaffenheit der Minera.lien and Gesteine (1873) .