See also:

• LEOPOLD (M.H. Ger. Liupolt; O.H. Ger. Liupald, from hut, Mod. Ger. Leute, " people," and paid, " bold," i.e. " bold for the people ")

LEOPOLD See also:

• LEOPOLD ZUNZ (1794-1886)

ZUNZ (1794-1886)  , Jewish See also:

• SCHOLAR, SCHOLARSHIP

scholar, was See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born at Detmold in 1794, and died in See also:

• BERLIN
• BERLIN, CONGRESS AND TREATY OF
• BERLIN, ISAIAH (1725–1799)

Berlin in 1886 . He was the founder of what has been termed the " See also:

• SCIENCE (Lat. scientia, from scire; to learn, know)

science of Judaism," the See also:

• CRITICAL (in alphabetical order of authors)

critical investigation of Jewish literature, hymnology and See also:

• RITUAL (from Lat. ritus, a custom, especially a religious rite or custom)

ritual . See also:

• EARLY
• EARLY, JUBAL ANDERSON (1816-1894)

Early in the 19th See also:

• CENTURY (from Lat. centuria, a division of a hundred men)

century he was associated with See also:

• GANS, EDUARD (1797-1839)

Gans See also:

• MOSER, JOHANN JAKOB (1701-1785)
• MOSER, JUSTUS (172o-1794)

Moser and See also:

• HEINE, HEINRICH, (1797-1856)

Heine in an association which the last named called " See also:

• YOUNG
• YOUNG, A
• YOUNG, ARTHUR (1741-1820)
• YOUNG, BRIGHAM (1801-1877)
• YOUNG, CHARLES MAYNE (1777–1856)
• YOUNG, EDWARD (1683–1765)
• YOUNG, JAMES (1811-1883)
• YOUNG, THOMAS (1773-1829)

Young See also:

• PALESTINE

Palestine." The ideals of this Verein were not See also:

• DES

des-See also:

• TINED

tined to See also:

• BEAR
• BEAR, BLACK
• BEAR, BROWN
• BEAR, GRIZZLY
• BEAR, ISABELLINE
• BEAR, WHITE

bear religious See also:

• FRUIT (through the French from the Lat. fructus; frui, to enjoy)

fruit, but the " science of Judaism " survived . See also:

• ZUNZ, LEOPOLD (1794-1886)

Zunz took no large See also:

• SHARE (O. Eng. scearu, chiefly in compounds, e.g. land-scearu, a share of land, from sceran to cut; cf. " shear" )

share in Jewish reform, but never lost faith in the regenerating See also:

• POWER [WILLIAM GRATTAN] TYRONE (1797-1841)

power of " science " as applied to the traditions and See also:

• LITERARY

literary legacies of the ages . He had thoughts of becoming a preacher, but found the career uncongenial . He influenced Judaism from the study rather than from the See also:

• PULPIT (from Lat. pulpitum, a staging, platform: equivalents are Fr. chaire d'eglise, Ital. pulpito, Ger. Kanzel)

pulpit . In 1832 appeared what E . H . See also:

• HIRSCH, MAURICE DE, BARON HIRSCH AUF GEREUTH
• HIRSCH, SAMSON RAPHAEL (r8o8-1888)

Hirsch rightly terms " the most important Jewish See also:

• BOOK

book published in the 19th century." This was Zunz's Gottesdienstliche Vortrage der Juden, i.e. a See also:

• HISTORY

history of the See also:

• SERMON (Lat. sermo, a discourse)

Sermon . It See also:

• LAYS

lays down principles for the investigation of the Rabbinic exegesis (See also:

• MIDRASH

Midrash, q.v.) and of the See also:

• PRAYER (from Lat. precari, entreat; Ital. pregaria, Fr. priere)
• PRAYER, BOOK OF COMMON

prayer-book of the See also:

• SYNAGOGUE (avvaywyii)
• SYNAGOGUE, UNITED

synagogue . This book raised Zunz to the supreme position among Jewish scholars . In 1840 he was appointed director of a Lehrerseminar, a See also:

• POST

post which relieved him from pecuniary troubles .

In 1845 ,appeared his Zur Geschichte and Literatur, in which he threw See also:

• LIGHT

light on the literary and social history of the See also:

• JEWS
• JEWS (Heb. Y8hudi, man of Judah; Gr. 'Iovbaiot; Lat. Judaei)

Jews . Zunz was always interested in politics, and in 1848 addressed many public meetings . In r85o he resigned his headship of the Teachers' See also:

• SEMINARY (Lat. seminarium, from semen, seed)

Seminary, and was awarded a See also:

• PENSION (Lat. pensio, a payment, from pendere, to weigh, to pay)

pension . He had visited the See also:

• BRITISH

British Museum in 1846, and this confirmed him in his See also:

• PLAN
• PLAN (from Lat. planes, flat)

plan for his third book, Synagogale Poesie des Mittelalters (1855) . It was from this book that See also:

• GEORGE
• GEORGE, 8TH MARQUESS OF TWEEDDALE (1787-1876)
• GEORGE, HENRY (1839—1897)
• GEORGE, LAKE
• GEORGE, SAINT (d. 303)

George See also:

• ELIOT, CHARLES WILLIAM (1834– )
• ELIOT, GEORGE
• ELIOT, JOHN (1604-1690)
• ELIOT, SIR JOHN (1592-1632)

Eliot translated the following opening of a See also:

• CHAPTER (a shortened form of chapiter, a word still used in architecture for a capital; derived from O. Fr. chapitre, Lat. capitellum, diminutive of caput, head)

chapter of See also:

• DANIEL
• DANIEL (DANIL)
• DANIEL, BOOK
• DANIEL, GABRIEL (1649-1728)

Daniel Deronda: " If there are ranks in suffering, See also:

• ISRAEL (Hebrew for " God strives " or " rules "; see Gen. xxxii. 28; and the allusion in Hosea xii. 4)

Israel takes See also:

• PRECEDENCE (from Lat. praecedere, to go before, precede)

precedence of all the nations " . . . &c . After its publication Zunz again visited See also:

• ENGLAND
• ENGLAND, THE CHURCH OF

England, and in 1859 issued his Ritus . In this he gives a masterly survey of synagogal See also:

• RITES

rites . His last See also:

• GREAT

great book was his Literaturgeschichte der synagogalen Poesie (1865) . A supplement appeared in 1867 . Besides these See also:

• WORKS

works, Zunz published a new See also:

• TRANSLATION

translation of the See also:

• BIBLE
• BIBLE, ENGLISH

Bible, and wrote many essays which were afterwards collected as Gesammelte Schriften .

Throughout his early and married See also:

• LIFE

life he was the See also:

• CHAMPION (Fr. champion, Late Lat. campio from campus; a field or open space, i.e. one " who takes the field " or fights; cf. Ger. Kampf, battle, and Kampfer, fighter)

champion Gf Jewish rights, and he did not withdraw from public affairs until 1874, the See also:

• YEAR

year of the See also:

• DEATH

death of his wife Adelhei Beermann, whom he had married in 1822 . See Emil G . Hirsch, in Jewish Encyclopedia, xii . 699—704 . (I .