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JOHN XXI
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JOHN XXI. has been identified since the 14th century, most probably correctly, with Petrus Hispanus, a celebrated Portuguese physician and philosopher, author of several medical works—notably the curious Liber de oculo, trans. into German and well edited by A. M. Berger (Munich, 1899), and of a popular textbook in logic, the Surnmulae logicales. John XXI. is constantly referred to as a magician by ignorant chroniclers. See Les Registres de Gregoire X. et Jean XXI., published by J. Guiraud and E .Cadier in Bibliothegue des ecoles frangaises d'Athines et de Rome (Paris, 1898) ; A. Petthast, Regesta pontif. Roman., vol. 2 (Berlin, 1875) ; F. Gregorovius, Rome in the Middle Ages, vol. v., trans.byMrs G.W. Hamilton (London,19oo-1902) ; R.Stapper, Papst Johann XXI. (Munster, 1898) ; J. T. Kohler, Vollstandige Nachrichf von Papst Johann XXI. (Gottingen, 176o). (C. H. HA.)